添加卡片和笔记

Adding Cards and Notes

回想一下，在 Anki 中，我们添加笔记而不是卡片，Anki 会为我们创建卡片。单击主窗口中的“添加”，将出现“添加笔记”窗口。

Recall from the basics that in Anki we add notes rather than cards, and Anki creates cards for us. Click 'Add' in the main window, and the Add Notes window will appear.

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窗口左上角展示了笔记模板类型。如果上面没有写基本，那么你可能在下载共享牌组时添加了一些笔记模板类型。下面的内容假定选择了基本。

The top left of the window shows us the current note type. If it does not say "Basic," then you may have added some note types when you downloaded a shared deck. The text below assumes that "Basic" is selected.

窗口右上角显示你的卡片将要添加到哪个牌组。如果你想将卡片添加到新的牌组，你可以点击牌组名，再点击“添加”按钮。

The top right of the window shows us the deck cards will be added to. If you would like to add cards to a new deck, you can click on the deck name button and then click "Add".

在笔记模板下面你可以看到一些按钮，还有“正面”和“反面”，这两个叫字段，通过点击字段...按钮，你可以添加、删除和重命名字段。

Below the note type, you'll see some buttons, and an area labelled "Front" and "Back". Front and Back are called fields, and you can add, remove, and rename them by clicking the "Fields…​" button above.

下方有一个标签区域。标签是可以附加到笔记上的标签，使组织和查找笔记变得更容易。如果愿意，你可以将标签留空，或者添加一个或多个标签。标签由空格分隔。如果你输入：

Below the fields is another area labelled "tags". Tags are labels that you can attach to your notes, to make organizing and finding notes easier. You can leave the tags blank if you wish, or add one or more of them. Tags are separated by a space. If the tags area says

vocab check_with_tutor

那么这个笔记就有两个标签。当你在正面和反面字段输入完内容之后，可以点击添加按钮，或者按 Ctrl+Enter键（Mac 上是 Command+Enter）将笔记添加到你的集合。当你这样做之后，一张卡片也会被创建，并放置到你选择的牌组里。如果你想编辑添加的卡片，你可以点击最近添加钮来在浏览界面中搜索最近添加的卡片。

…​then the note you add would have two tags. When you have entered text into the front and back, you can click the "Add" button or press Ctrl+Enter (Command+Enter on a Mac) to add the note to your collection. When you do so, a card will be created as well, and placed into the deck you chose. If you would like to edit a card you added, you can click the history button to search for a recently added card in the browser.

有关笔记模板类型和字段之间按钮的更多信息，请参阅编辑部分。

For more information on the buttons between the note type and the fields, please see the editor section.

重复检查

Duplicate Check

Anki 会检查第一个字段的唯一性，因此如果你输入两张正面字段为“apple”的卡片（例如），它会警告你。唯一性检查仅限于当前的笔记类型，因此，如果你正在学习多种语言，则只要每种语言的笔记类型不同，两张正面相同的卡片就不会被列为重复卡片。

Anki checks the first field for uniqueness, so it will warn you if you enter two cards with a Front field of "apple" (for example). The uniqueness check is limited to the current note type, so if you're studying multiple languages, two cards with the same Front would not be listed as duplicates as long as you had a different note type for each language.

出于效率原因，Anki 不会自动检查其他字段中的重复项，但浏览界面具有查找重复项功能，你可以定期运行该功能。

Anki does not check for duplicates in other fields automatically for efficiency reasons, but the browser has a "Find Duplicates" function, which you can run periodically.

有效的学习

Effective Learning

不同的人喜欢用不同的方式复习，但有一些一般的概念需要记住。SuperMemo 网站上的这篇文章是一个很好的介绍。特别是：

Different people like to review in different ways, but there are some general concepts to keep in mind. An excellent introduction is this article on the SuperMemo site. In particular:

• 保持简单：你的卡片越短，就越容易复习。你可能会想包含很多信息“以防万一”，但复习很快就会变得痛苦。

  Keep it simple: The shorter your cards, the easier they are to review. You may be tempted to include lots of information "just in case," but reviews will quickly become painful.

• 不理解就不要死记硬背：如果你正在学习一门语言，尽量避免列出大量的单词。学习语言的最好方法是在上下文中，这意味着看到这些单词在句子中的使用。同样，想象一下你正在学习一门计算机课程。如果你试图记住堆积如山的缩写词，你会发现很难取得进步。但是，如果你花时间理解缩写词背后的概念，学习缩写词会变得容易得多。

  Don't memorize without understanding: If you are studying a language, try to avoid large lists of words. The best way to learn languages is in context, which means seeing those words used in a sentence. Likewise, imagine you're studying a computer course. If you attempt to memorize the mountain of acronyms, you'll find it very difficult to make progress. But if you take the time to understand the concepts behind the acronyms, learning the acronyms will become a lot easier.

添加一个笔记模板类型

Adding a Note Type

虽然基础的笔记模板对于每面只有一个单词或短语的简单卡片来说已经足够了，但一旦你发现自己想在正面或背面包含多条信息，最好将这些信息拆分为更多的字段。

While basic note types are sufficient for simple cards with only a word or phrase on each side, as soon as you find yourself wanting to include more than one piece of information on the front or back, it's better to split that information up into more fields.

你可能会发现自己在想“但我只想要一张卡片，为什么我不能在 Front 字段中包含音频、图片、提示和翻译？”如果你愿意这样做，那没关系。但这种方法的缺点是所有的信息都粘在一起。如果你想根据提示对卡片进行排序，你将无法做到这一点，因为它与其他内容混合在一起。你也无法将音频从前面移到后面，除非费力地复制和粘贴每个音频。通过将内容保留在单独的字段中，你可以更容易地在将来调整卡片的布局。

You may find yourself thinking "but I only want one card, so why can't I just include the audio, a picture, a hint, and the translation in the Front field?" If you'd prefer to do that, that's fine. But the disadvantage of that approach is that all the information is stuck together. If you wanted to sort your cards by the hint, you wouldn't be able to do that as it is mixed in with the other content. You also wouldn't be able to do things such as moving the audio from the front to the back, except by laboriously copying and pasting it for every note. By keeping content in separate fields, you make it much easier to adjust the layout of your cards in the future.

要创建新的笔记模板，在主窗口请选择工具->管理笔记模板。然后单击添加以添加新的笔记模板。现在，你将看到另一个窗口，可以选择一个笔记模版作为新笔记模板的基础。添加意味着从 Anki 自带的模板中选择添加。克隆是指将新创建的笔记模板建立在集合中已有的笔记模板上。例如，如果你已经创建了一个法语单词模板，那么在创建德语单词模板时，你可能需要克隆它。

To create a new type of note, choose Tools → Manage Note Types from the main Anki window. Then click "Add" to add a new type of note. You will now see another screen that gives you a choice of note types to base the new type on. "Add" means to base the newly created type on one that comes with Anki. "Clone" means to base the newly created type on one that is already in your collection. For instance, if you'd created a French vocab type already, you might want to clone that when creating a German vocab type.

选择确定后，系统将要求你命名新模板。你正在学习的主题材料在这里是一个很好的选择，比如“日语”、“冷知识”等等。一旦你选择了一个名字，关闭笔记模板窗口，你就会返回到添加窗口。

After choosing OK, you will be asked to name the new type. The subject material that you are studying is a good choice here – things like "Japanese", "Trivia", and so on. Once you have chosen a name, close the Note Types window, and you will return to the adding window.

自定义字段

Customizing Fields

自定义字段，可以在添加或编辑笔记时点击“字段…”按钮，或者在管理笔记模板窗口选择选择一个笔记模板。

To customize fields, click the "Fields…​" button when adding or editing a note, or while the note type is selected in the Manage Note Types window.

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你可以点击相应的按钮来添加、移除或重命名字段。要改变字段在这个对话框和添加笔记对话框中出现的顺序，你可以使用“重排位置”按钮，它会要求你输入字段应该拥有的数字位置。所以如果你想把一个字段改为新的第一个字段，请输入1。

You can add, remove, or rename fields by clicking the appropriate buttons. To change the order in which the fields appear in this dialog and the add notes dialog, you can use the reposition button, which asks for the numerical position you want the field to have. So if you want to change a field to be the new first field, enter "1".

不要使用 Tags， Type， Deck， Card， 或 FrontSide作为字段名，这些是特殊字段，如果你使用这些，可能会导致无法正常工作。

Do not use 'Tags', 'Type', 'Deck', 'Card', or 'FrontSide' as field names, as they are special fields and will not work properly.

界面底部的选项允许你添加和编辑卡片时使用的字段的各种属性。 这不是你在复习卡片时自定义显示内容的地方；有关此内容，请参阅模板。

The options at the bottom of the screen allow you to edit various properties of the fields to be used when adding and editing the cards. This is not where you customize what appears on your cards when reviewing; for that, please see templates.

• 编辑界面字体：允许你在编辑笔记时自定义字体和字号。如果你想缩小不重要的信息，或者增加难以阅读的外来字符的大小，这很有用。你在此处所做的更改不会影响卡片在复习时的显示方式：为此，请参阅模板部分。但是，如果你启用了键入答案功能，你键入的文本将使用此处定义的字体大小。（更多关于如何改变输入答案字体的信息请查看检查你的答案章节。

  Editing Font allows you to customize the font and size used when editing notes. This is useful if you want to make unimportant information smaller, or increase the size of foreign characters which are hard to read. The changes you make here do not affect how cards appear when reviewing: to do that, please see the templates section. If you have enabled the "type in the answer" function, however, the text you type will use the font size defined here. (For information about how to change the actual font face when typing the answer, please see the checking your answer section.)

• 作为浏览界面中的排序字段：告诉 Anki 在浏览界面排序字段那一列显示这个字段。你可以使用这个字段来排序你的卡片。一次只能设置一个字段为排序字段。

  Sort by this field…​ tells Anki to show this field in the Sort Field column of the browser. You can use this to sort cards by that field. Only one field can be the sort field at once.

• 文字方向从右至左（RTL）：为了学习从右到左显示的语言。例如阿拉伯语或希伯来语。此设置当前仅控制编辑；为了确保文本在复习期间正确显示，你需要调整模板。

  Reverse text direction is useful if you are studying languages that display text from right to left (RTL), such as Arabic or Hebrew. This setting currently only controls editing; to make sure the text displays correctly during review, you'll need to adjust your template.

• 默认使用 HTML 编辑器：编辑字段时直接编辑 HTML。

  Use HTML editor by default is useful if you prefer to edit the fields directly in HTML.

• 默认折叠：字段可以折叠/展开。可以在偏好中禁用动画。

  Collapse by default. Fields can be collapsed/expanded. The animation can be disabled in the preferences.

• 排除未限定条件的搜索（较慢）：用于如果希望某个字段的内容不出现在非限定（不限于特定字段）搜索中。

  Exclude from unqualified searches (slower) can be used if you want the content of a certain field not to appear in unqualified (not limited to a specific field) searches.

添加字段后，你可能希望将它们添加到卡片的前面或后面。有关更多信息，请参阅模板部分。

After you have added fields, you will probably want to add them to the front or back of your cards. For more information on that, please see the templates section.

更改牌组和模板类型

Changing Deck / Note Type

在添加时，你可以点击顶部左侧按钮更改笔记模板，顶部右侧按钮更改牌组。打开的窗口不仅允许你选择牌组或笔记模板，还可以添加牌组或管理笔记模板。

While adding, you can click on the top left button to change note type, and the top right button to change deck. The window that opens up will not only allow you to select a deck or note type, but also to add new decks or manage your note types.

组织内容

Organizing Content

恰当使用牌组

Using Decks Appropriately

牌组被设计用来将你的内容划分类别，这些类别你希望单独学习，例如英语，地理等。你可能会想创建很多牌组来保持内容有组织，比如“我的地理书第一章”或者“食物动词”，但是不建议这样做，原因如下：

Decks are designed to divide your content up into broad categories that you wish to study separately, such as English, Geography, and so on. You may be tempted to create lots of little decks to keep your content organized, such as "my geography book chapter 1", or "food verbs", but this is not recommended, for the following reasons:

• 很多小牌组可能意味着你最终会按照可识别的顺序查看卡片。在较旧的排程算法中，新卡片只能按牌组顺序引入。如果你计划依次点击每个牌组（这很慢），你最终会看到所有“第一章”或“食物动词”复习卡片。这样可以更容易回答卡片，因为你可以从上下文中猜测它们，这会导致记忆力较弱。当你需要在 Anki 外回想单词或短语时，你不会总是奢侈地首先看到相关内容！

  Lots of little decks may mean you end up seeing cards in a recognizable order. On older scheduler versions, new cards can only be introduced in deck order. And if you were planning to click on each deck in turn (which is slow), you will end up seeing all the "chapter 1" or "food verb" reviews together. This makes it easier to answer the cards, as you can guess them from the context, which leads to weaker memories. When you need to recall the word or phrase outside Anki, you won't always have the luxury of being shown related content first!

• 与早期 Anki 版本相比，添加数百个牌组可能会导致速度下降，而包含数千个条目的超大牌组树实际上可能会破坏 2.1.50 之前 Anki 版本牌组列表的显示。

  While less of a problem than it was in earlier Anki versions, adding hundreds of decks may cause slowdowns, and very large deck trees with thousands of items can actually break the display of the deck list in Anki versions before 2.1.50.

使用标签

Using Tags

与其创建大量的小牌组，不如使用标签或字段对内容进行分类。标签是提升搜索结果、查找特定内容和组织集合的有用方法。有很多方法可以有效地使用标签和旗帜，提前思考如何使用它们将帮助你决定什么最适合你。

Instead of creating lots of little decks, it's a better idea to use tags and/or fields to classify your content. Tags are a useful way to boost search results, find specific content, and keep your collection organized. There are many ways of using tags and flags effectively, and thinking in advance about how you want to use them will help you decide what will work best for you.

有些人更喜欢使用牌组和子牌组来组织卡片，但使用标签比牌组有很大的优势：你可以在一个笔记上添加几个标签，但一张卡片只能属于一个牌组，这使得标签在大多数情况下比牌组组更强大、更灵活。你也可以按照与牌组相同的方式在树中组织标签。

Some people prefer using decks and subdecks to keep their cards organized, but using tags have a big advantage over decks for that: you can add several tags to a single note, but a single card can only belong to one deck, which makes tags a more powerful and flexible categorization system than decks in most cases. You can also organize tags in trees in the same way as you can do for decks.

例如，你可以将这些卡片添加到你的主要语言学习牌组中，并在卡片上标记“食物”和“动词”，而不是创建“食物动词”牌组。由于每张卡片可以有多个标签，你可以做一些事情，比如搜索所有动词，或所有与食物相关的词汇，或所有和食物相关的动词。

For example, instead of creating a "food verbs" deck, you could add those cards to your main language study deck, and tag the cards with "food" and "verb". Since each card can have multiple tags, you can do things like search for all verbs, or all food-related vocabulary, or all verbs that are related to food.

你可以在编辑窗口或在浏览界面添加标签，同时你也可以删除、重命名以及组织标签。请注意，标签是作用在笔记层级的，这意味着如果给一张卡片添加标签，这个卡片有姊妹卡片，所有姊妹卡片也会被添加标签。如果你只想在一张卡片添加标签，其姊妹卡片不添加标签，你可以考虑使用旗帜。

You can add tags from the Edit window and from the Browser, and you can also add, delete, rename, or organize tags there. Please note that tags work at note level, which means that when you tag a card that has siblings, all the siblings will be tagged as well. If you need to tag a single card, but not its siblings, you should consider using flags instead.

使用旗帜

Using Flags

旗帜与标签类似，但它们将在复习窗口中出现，会在屏幕右上角显示彩色旗帜图标。你还可以在浏览界面中搜索已标记的卡片，从浏览界面重命名旗帜，并从已标记的卡片中创建筛选牌组。但是，与标签不同，单张卡片同时只能有一个旗帜。另一个重要区别是旗帜在卡片层面起作用，所以标记带有姊妹卡片的卡片不会对该卡片的姊妹卡片产生任何影响。

Flags are similar to tags, but they will appear during study in the review window, showing a colored flag icon on the upper right area of the screen. You can also search for flagged cards in the Browse screen, rename flags from the browser and create filtered decks from flagged cards, but unlike tags, a single card can have only one flag at a time. Another important difference is that flags work at card level, so flagging a card that has siblings won't have any effect on the card's siblings.

你可以在复习模式（Windows 上按 ctrl + 1-7 键， Mac 上按 CMD + 1-7 键）下和在浏览器界面标记和取消标记卡片。

You can flag / unflag cards directly while in review mode (by pressing CTRL + 1-7 on Windows or CMD + 1-7 on Mac) and from the Browser.

“marked”标签

The "Marked" Tag

Anki 对一个叫marked的标签有特殊处理。在复习窗口和浏览窗口中都有选项可以添加和删除marked标签。当卡片所属笔记带有这个标签时，复习窗口会显示一个星号。而在浏览窗口中，如果笔记被标记，其卡片会显示不同的颜色。

Anki treats a tag called "marked" specially. There are options in the review screen and browse screen to add and remove the "marked" tag. The review screen will show a star when the current card's note has that tag. And cards are shown in a different color in the browse screen when their note is marked.

注意：标记主要是为了与旧版 Anki 版本兼容保留，大多数用户将会使用旗帜代替。

Note: Marking is mainly left around for compatibility with older Anki versions; most users will want to use flags instead.

使用字段

Using Fields

对那些喜欢有组织的人来说，你可以向你的笔记中添加字段来分类你的内容，例如“书籍”、“页面”等等。Anki 支持在特定字段中进行搜索，这意味着你可以搜索“书籍:我的书” 页面:63 立即找到你正在寻找的内容。

For those who like to stay very organized, you can add fields to your notes to classify your content, such as "book", "page", and so on. Anki supports searching in specific fields, which means you can do a search for "book:my book" page:63 and immediately find what you're looking for.

自定义学习和筛选牌组

Custom Study and Filtered Decks

使用自定义学习和筛选牌组，你可以从搜索结果中创建临时牌组。这使你可以在大多数时间将不同的内容混合到同一个牌组中进行复习（以获得最佳记忆），但也可以在需要关注特定材料时创建临时牌组，例如在考试之前。一般规则是，如果你总是想能够单独学习一些内容，那么它应该在一个普通的牌组上；如果你只是偶尔需要能够单独学习它（对于考试，在积压工作等情况下），那么从标记、旗帜、marks 标记 或字段创建的筛选牌组会更好。

Using custom study and filtered deck you can create temporary decks out of search terms. This allows you to review your content mixed together in a single deck most of the time (for optimum memory), but also create temporary decks when you need to focus on particular material, such as before a test. The general rule is that if you always want to be able to study some content separately, it should be in a normal deck; if you only occasionally need to be able to study it separately (for a test, when under a backlog, etc.), then filtered decks created from tags, flags, marks or fields are better.

编辑相关

Editing Features

在复习中或浏览界面添加笔记或编辑笔记会显示编辑器窗口。

The editor is shown when adding notes, editing a note during reviews, or browsing.

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左上方的两个按钮，会打开字段和卡片窗口。

On the top left are two buttons, which open the fields and cards windows.

在右边是控制格式的按钮。粗体、斜体和下划线的功能与文字处理程序中一样。接下来的两个按钮允许你将文字设置为下标或上标，这在表示化学式如 H2O 或简单的数学公式如 x2 时很有用。然后，有两个按钮允许你改变文字颜色。

On the right are buttons that control formatting. Bold, italic and underline work like they do in a word processing program. The next two buttons allow you to subscript or superscript text, which is useful for chemical compounds like H2O or simple mathematical equations like x2. Then, there are two buttons to allow you to change text colour.

橡皮擦按钮可以清除当前选择文本中的任何格式设置——包括文本颜色，是否粗体等。后面的三个按钮允许创建列表，文本对齐和缩进文本。

The rubber eraser button clears any formatting in the currently selected text — including the colour of the text, whether the selected text is bold, etc. The next three buttons allow creating lists, text alignment and text indent.

你可以使用回形针按钮从你计算机的硬盘选择音频、图像和视频，并将它们舔加到你的笔记上。或者，你可以将媒体复制到你计算机的剪贴板上（例如，右键单击网页上的图像并选择复制图像）,然后粘贴到你想放置它的字段中。有关媒体的更多信息，请参阅媒体资源部分。

You can use the paper-clip button to select audio, images, and videos from your computer's hard drive and attach them to your notes. Alternatively, you can copy the media onto your computer's clipboard (for instance, by right-clicking an image on the web and choosing 'Copy Image') and paste it into the field that you want to place it in. For more information about media, please see the media section.

麦克风按钮允许你使用电脑内建的麦克风录音，並将录音附加到笔记上。

The microphone icon allows you to record from your computer's microphone and attach the recording to the note.

Fx 按钮可以添加数学公式。

The Fx button shows shortcuts to add MathJax or LaTeX to your notes.

挖空笔记模板被选择时会显示 [...] 按钮。

The […​] buttons are visible when a cloze note type is selected.

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</>按钮允许你编辑 HTML。

The </> button allows editing the underlying HTML of a field.

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Anki 2.1.45+ 支持直接从编辑窗口调整粘性字段。如果你点击字段右边的固定图标，Anki 将不会在添加笔记后清除该字段的内容。如果你发现自己需要输入相同内容到多个笔记中，你可能会发现这很有用。在以前的 Anki 版本中，粘性字段是从“字段”窗口切换的。

Anki 2.1.45+ supports adjusting sticky fields directly from the editing screen. If you click on the pin icon on the right of a field, Anki will not clear out the field's content after a note is added. If you find yourself entering the same content into multiple notes, you may find this useful. On previous Anki versions, sticky fields were toggled from the Fields screen.

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大多数按钮都有快捷键。你可以将鼠标光标悬停在按钮上以查看其快捷方式。

Most of the buttons have shortcut keys. You can hover the mouse cursor over a button to see its shortcut.

粘贴文本时，默认情况下，Anki 将保留大多数格式。如果在粘贴时按住 Shift 键，Anki 将去除大部分格式。在“首选项”中，可以切换“若粘贴时未按住 Shift 键，则清除文本格式”以修改默认行为。

When pasting text, Anki will keep most formatting by default. If you hold down the Shift key while pasting, Anki will strip most of the formatting. Under Preferences, you can toggle "Paste without shift key strips formatting" to modify the default behaviour.

挖空

Cloze Deletion

挖空是在一个句子中隐藏一个或几个单词。例如：你有下面这个句子：

'Cloze deletion' is the process of hiding one or more words in a sentence. For example, if you have the sentence:

Canberra was founded in 1913.

如果在 “1913” 挖空，句子将变成：

…​and you create a cloze deletion on "1913", then the sentence would become:

Canberra was founded in [...].

有时用这种方式删除的部分会被称为“遮挡部分”。

Sometimes sections that have been removed in this fashion are said to be 'occluded'.

关于为什么你可能想要使用挖空的更多信息，请参阅这里的规则 5。

For more information on why you might want to use cloze deletion, see Rule 5 here.

为了使挖空更容易，Anki 提供了一个挖空模板。选择填空题笔记模板。在文字字段中输入文字。选中想要挖空的文本，点击[...]按钮。Anki 会按照如下方式替换文本：

Anki provides a special cloze deletion type of note, to make creating clozes easy. To create a cloze deletion note, select the Cloze note type, and type some text into the "Text" field. Then drag the mouse over the text you want to hide to select it, and click the […​] button. Anki will replace the text with:

Canberra was founded in {{c1::1913}}.

c1表示你这个句子只挖了一个空。你也可以挖多个空。如果你选中“Canberra”再点击[...]按钮，结果将如下：

The "c1" part means that you have created one cloze deletion on the sentence. You can create more than one deletion if you'd like. For example, if you select Canberra and click […​] again, the text will now look like:

{{c2::Canberra}} was founded in {{c1::1913}}.

如果你添加上面的笔记，Anki 将会创建两张卡片，第一张的问题将会展示：

When you add the above note, Anki will create two cards. The first card will show:

Canberra was founded in [...].

答案是整个完整的句子。另一张卡片的问题将会展示：

…​on the question, with the full sentence on the answer. The other card will have the following on the question:

[...] was founded in 1913.

你也可以在同一张卡片上挖多个空。就上面的例子而言，如果你把 c2 改成 c1，将会只有一张卡片被创建，“Canberra” 和 “1913”会被隐藏。如果你按住 Alt 键（Mac 是 option 键），这时创建挖空， Anki 会自动使用相同的数字。

You can also elide multiple sections on the same card. In the above example, if you change c2 to c1, only one card would be created, with both Canberra and 1913 hidden. If you hold down Alt (Option on a Mac) while creating a cloze, Anki will automatically use the same number instead of incrementing it.

挖空不必包含整个单词，就上面的例子而言，如果你选中了“anberra”，结果是：C[…​] was founded in 1913。

Cloze deletions don't need to fall on word boundaries, so if you select "anberra" rather than "Canberra" in the above example, the question would appear as C[…​] was founded in 1913, giving you a hint.

你还可以给自己一个提示。如果你把原来的句子替换为：

You can also give yourself hints that don't match the text. If you replace the original sentence with:

Canberra::city was founded in 1913

选中"Canberra::city"，按[...]按钮，结果为：

…​and then press […​] after selecting "Canberra::city", Anki will treat the text after the two colons as a hint, changing the text into:

{{c1::Canberra::city}} was founded in 1913

当学习卡片时会显示：

When the card comes up for review, it will appear as:

[city] was founded in 1913.

关于想要输入挖空答案，请参阅输入答案章节。

For information on testing your ability to type in a cloze deletion correctly, please see the section on typing answers.

2.1.56 版本支持嵌套挖空。例子：

From version 2.1.56, nested cloze deletions are supported. For example, the following is valid:

{{c1::Canberra was {{c2::founded}}}} in 1913

内部挖空完全嵌套在外部挖空中，不支持重叠部分，例如：

The inner cloze is entirely nested within the outer. There is no support for partial overlaps, such as:

[...] founded in 1913 -> Canberra was
Canberra [...] in 1913 -> was founded

让“was”出现在两个挖空中。

with the word "was" appearing in both deletions.

在 2.1.56 版本之前版本中，如果你需要从重叠的文本中创建挖空，请添加另一个文本字段，将其添加到笔记模板中，然后在创建笔记时，将文本粘贴到两个单独的字段中，如：

Prior to version 2.1.56, if you need to create clozes from overlapping text, add another Text field to your cloze, add it to the template, and then when creating notes, paste the text into two separate fields, like so:

Text1 field: {{c1::Canberra was founded}} in 1913

Text2 field: {{c2::Canberra}} was founded in 1913

默认的挖空模板还有第二个字段“背面额外”，这将会被展示在卡片的答案面。用于添加额外的注视或信息。

The default cloze note type has a second field called Extra, that is shown on the answer side of each card. It can be used for adding some usage notes or extra information.

挖空笔记模板将会被 Anki 特别的对待，不能在其他笔记模板基础上创建挖空笔记。如果你想自定义这个模板，你要先客隆已存在的挖空笔记模板。像格式设置这样的内容可以定制，但无法为 Cloze 笔记类型添加额外的卡片模板。

The cloze note type is treated specially by Anki, and cannot be created based on a regular note type. If you wish to customize it, please make sure to clone the existing Cloze type instead of another type of note. Things like formatting can be customized, but it is not possible to add extra card templates to the cloze note type.

输入外来字符和重音

Inputting Foreign Characters and Accents

所有现代计算机都内置了对输入重音符号和外国字符的支持 。我们建议使用适合你想要学习的语言的键盘布局。

All modern computers have built-in support for typing accents and foreign characters, and multiple ways to go about it. The method we recommend is by using a keyboard layout for the language you want to learn.

Anki 的工具包在处理一些输入法时会遇到一些问题，例如在 macOS 上按住键选择重音字符，在 Windows 上按住 Alt 键键入数字。

The toolkit on which Anki is built has trouble dealing with a few input methods, such as holding down keys to select accented characters on macOS, and typing characters by holding down the Alt key and typing a numeric code on Windows.

Unicode 规范化

Unicode Normalization

类似 á 的文本可以在计算机上以多种方式表示，例如使用特定的代码来表示该符号，或者使用标准的 a，然后使用另一个代码来表示顶部的重音。当混合来自不同来源的输入或使用不同的计算机时，这会导致问题——如果你的计算机以一种形式处理键盘输入，但内容以不同的形式存储，则在搜索时将不匹配，即使最终结果看起来完全相同。

Text like á can be represented in multiple ways on a computer, such as using a specific code for that symbol, or by using a standard a and then another code for the accent on top. This causes problems when mixing input from different sources, or using different computers - if your computer handles keyboard input in one form, but the content is stored in a different form, it will not match when searching, even though the end result appears identical.

为了确保内容可以在搜索中轻松找到，Anki 将文本标准化为标准形式。对大多数用户来说，这个过程是透明的，但如果你正在研究某些材料，比如古老的日本符号，标准化过程最终可能会将它们转换成更现代的等效物。

To ensure content can easily be found in searches, Anki normalizes the text to a standard form. For most users this process is transparent, but if you are studying certain material like archaic Japanese symbols, the normalization process can end up converting them to a more modern equivalent.

如果希望保留字符变体，调试控制台中的以下操作将关闭规范化：

If you want character variants preserved, the following in the debug console will turn off normalization:

mw.col.conf["normalize_note_text"] = False

之后添加的任何内容都将保持不变。权衡的结果是，如果你在操作系统之间切换，或者粘贴来自混合来源的内容，你可能会发现很难搜索内容。

Any content added after that will remain untouched. The trade-off is that you may find it difficult to search for the content if you're switching between operating systems, or pasting content from mixed sources.